The U.S. Fusion Energy Sciences program received $672 million, compared to $671 million received in FY 2020. Within that total, the U.S. contribution to the international ITER project remains at $242 million, the same as in FY 2020. The appropriation specifies that $15 million be provided to the petawatt power upgrade at the Matter in Extreme Conditions program at Stanford Linear Accelerator (the same is in FY 2020), and "at least" $21 million for the Materials Plasma Exposure Experiment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The appropriation also specifies level funding of $4 million for the INFUSE program that supports collaborations between DOE and private fusion ventures.

The U.S. Inertial Confinement Fusion program (within the DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration) received $575 million, compared to $555 in FY 2020. Within that total, $349 million would go to the National Ignition Facility and "at least" $82 million to the Omega project and "at least" $67 million to the Z Facility. A separate allocation of $8.7 million was provided for High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas in a new account under the Academic Programs category.